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‘A renaissance in Arabic science’…really? 1, November 2010

Posted by thegulfblog.com in Qatar, Saudi Arabia, The Emirates.
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The New Scientist has an article discussing what they describe as ‘the renaissance of Arabic science’. It points to various recent ventures in the GCC as evidence.

  • KAUST – Saudi’s $20 billion gamble
  • Masdar – Abu Dhabi’s sustainable city and “innovation hub”
  • Various Qatari efforts: Qatar Foundation, Qatar Science and Technology Park, Sidra Medical Centre

While these ventures are all well and good, surely a truck-load of money does not a renaissance make.

These countries can build the world’s greatest Universities and Hospitals but unless totemic changes are made to education systems in the region, these will be either staffed by foreigners or will become the most expensive white elephants ever built. In Kuwait, for example, on the Corniche, opposite the British Embassy they built a beautiful new, presumably state-of-the-art research center for the study of (something like) diabetes [it’s been a while since I was there]. It stood finished but unused for years because there was no-one to staff it. Please correct me someone, but I think that it may still be empty to this day.

Masdar is the easiest example to ridicule here. While noble in thought, in practice, it is simply a rather grand green gimmick. The UAE, with the world’s highest CO2 emissions per capita, really don’t especially care about the environment. Masdar ‘the car-less city’ (with what will have to be a whopping great car-park on its outskirts) is beset by problems and management struggles. It is no more in reality a leader of indigenous innovation and research than Kim Jong Il is the democratic leader of North Korea.

Saudi Arabia and Qatar appear to me to be the only places with a real chance of fostering indigenous scientists. Saudi are spurred on by their increasing population and the real need to finds jobs for their younger generation. Without the golden safety net of past generations but with the ability to provide world-class facilities such as KAUST, this mix may prompt young Saudis to meaningfully engage in education. The hamartia for Saudi is, of course, the vagaries of succession and the fear that Naif, the presumed arch-conservative leader, takes the reins of power and interferes with KAUST on (spurious) religious grounds.

While Qatar has the most generous welfare state in the world which mitigates against students seriously studying and applying themselves, there appears to be a genuine intent in the Qatari leadership to induce their younger generations into pursuing meaningful academic pursuits. Their school system is changing root and branch, hopefully instilling the necessary scholarly attitudes in coming generations. In Education City today there are some of the best Universities in the world awaiting suitably qualified Qatari students: potentially quite a lure, particularly for female students whose parents may not be pleased to see them studying in the decadent, morally corrupt West. Perennially, however, the problem for Qatar is that  – crucially – no Qatari really needs to work. The state will take care of them for generations to come.

There are, therefore, enormous challenges before the Arab world even remotely begins to instill a culture of scientific learning never mind excellence and leadership.

 

 

On the ‘cargo bombs’ 1, November 2010

Posted by thegulfblog.com in American ME Relations.
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The constant battle between terrorists and security measures continues. The recent discovery of PETN explosives in two packages in Dubai and East Midlands airports and the more worrying revelation from Qatar Airways that one of these bombs traveled on two passenger planes, marks the latest stage in the evolution of airplane terrorism.

After the ‘pants bomber’ I wrote an article on this exact topic. I suggested that it is but a matter of time before PETN – the mostly undetectable, powerful explosion of choice by ‘Al Qaeda’ these days – is secreted within a terrorist on a plane, just as Saudi Prince Nayef’s would-be killer attempted to do. Alas I did not factor in the notion that PETN could instead be secreted in packages. Just as well that I’m not in charge of airline security.

Reading and listening to commentaries on this latest near-outrage, one fact above all else jarred with me. There seems to be a universal acceptance that these bombs would have certainly caused these planes to crash, just as there was with the initial reporting of the ‘pants bomber’. Indeed, the often quoted statistic is that 100g of PETN could “destroy a car”. Leaving aside the imprecise nature of ‘destroying’ a car, as I wrote in reaction to this before, it is by no means certain that the ‘pants bomber’s’ bomb would have ripped a hole in the side of an aircraft; moreover, a BBC documentary team recreated the would-be explosion and concluded that it would clearly not have punched a hole in the side of the aircraft. Instead, the aircraft’s skin would have absorbed the explosion and ‘rippled’; diverting the thrust of the explosion in all directions.

As yet I have not come across any reports of how much explosive was in these bombs, though it does look like more than 100g. So while I am certainly not saying that it is not an important and potentially deadly event, all I ask is that a bit of moderation and accuracy is used in forming base ‘facts’ and opinions.

It has been pointed out that cargo planes are not subject to the same kinds of rigorous security measures as passenger planes, at times, as if this is some kind of industry-wide oversight. I disagree. Not only does the sheer number of packages make such a system difficult to implement, but packages are packages and people are people. One can’t expect the same security standards for both; it’s just a brutal fact (for the crew of a cargo plane, that it).

As for the notion that the cargo planes could be involved in a Lockerbie-type tragedy, this is far from a certain proposition, indeed, it may even be unlikely to happen. Packages are routinely re-routed. There is practically no way to know that a package from Sanaa will travel to Doha, Dubai, London and to New York; it could go by any number of different routes over a varying amount of time within set limits. Accurately judging that the cargo plane is ‘over London’, as many newspapers seem to be inferring when it can be used as a bomb, is surely practically impossible. At the speeds that planes travel with large distances covered in seconds and given that a pilot – barring a spectacular whole-system collapse – would divert a plane away from a populated center at the worst-case scenario, it seems highly unlikely to me that such a long-shot would be undertaken. Of course, as Lockerbie grimly proved, sometimes the most unlikely and unlucky of scenarios does indeed come to fruition. Again, I am not trying to discount the possibility or the danger of such an event, but simply want to put it into some perspective.